FARGO — North Dakota is witnessing a significant rise in West Nile virus cases, with the state recording its highest number since 2019. As of now, there are 78 reported infections across North Dakota, positioning it third nationally in terms of West Nile cases. Among U.S. counties, Cass County ranks ninth, with 16 reported cases this year.
Officials attribute the spike to what they describe as “the worst mosquito conditions of the last 20 years.” According to Amanda Bakken, an epidemiologist with the state Department of Health and Human Services, this year’s wetter climate has contributed to higher mosquito populations, leading to an earlier-than-usual increase in cases. “We expect every year to see that increase in cases, typically mid to late August,” Bakken noted.
The situation has prompted concern among health officials. In any given year, it is estimated that approximately 80% of West Nile cases go unreported. Consequently, while 78 cases are documented, a typical high-incidence year would see around 20 to 25 confirmed cases, primarily due to a busy August.
In a worrying trend, Cass County’s vector control reported that four to five cases were confirmed in the first week of August alone, an alarming figure given that this number typically represents an entire year’s total. Ben Prather, a vector control official, described the current situation as an “alarm bell.”
As of now, 32 individuals have been hospitalized due to the virus. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicates that four cases in Cass County have developed into neuroinvasive forms, affecting brain tissue. Bakken added that many individuals do not seek medical care unless they experience severe symptoms, while some remain asymptomatic. This lack of symptoms often leads to undetected cases, particularly among blood donors.
Officials warn that the warm weather in September may prolong the mosquito season and the risk of West Nile transmission. Bakken advises residents to take necessary precautions, such as wearing long sleeves and using insect repellent. Vector control measures have continued into the season, with Prather mentioning that spraying can occur as late as October. However, he expressed hope that another outbreak will not emerge in 2025.
As North Dakota grapples with this public health challenge, the focus remains on monitoring and controlling mosquito populations to mitigate the risk of further infections.
