Reports have emerged indicating that Russia is investigating the development of a new anti-satellite weapon aimed at disrupting the Starlink satellite network. The potential weapon could pose significant risks not only to Starlink but also to other satellites operating in low-earth orbit (LEO). This information comes from intelligence services of two NATO countries and was reported by the Associated Press in late December 2025.
According to the unnamed intelligence sources, Russia’s proposed weapon would not target individual satellites. Instead, it would utilize a “zone-effect” mechanism that disperses a cloud of dense pellets. Such a strategy could lead to extensive damage across multiple satellites, as the debris generated from such an attack would continue to travel at high velocities, potentially impacting numerous objects in orbit.
Starlink, operated by SpaceX, has gained prominence for providing internet access globally, particularly in areas where traditional infrastructure is lacking. Since its launch in 2019, the network has expanded from an initial set of 60 satellites to over 9,000, with plans to eventually deploy more than 40,000. The service has been particularly crucial in Ukraine since the onset of the Russian invasion in 2022, enabling communications in conflict zones.
While anti-satellite technology is not new, the implications of using such a weapon are serious. Victoria Samson, a defense expert at the Secure World Foundation, expressed skepticism about Russia’s intentions, stating, “I would be very surprised, frankly, if they were to do something like that.” Conversely, Brigadier General Christopher Horner, who oversees the Space Division of the Canadian military, acknowledged the possibility of such a weapon being developed, even though he confirmed that his intelligence services had not found concrete evidence of its existence.
The speed at which Starlink satellites orbit—approximately 27,000 km/h (nearly 17,000 mph) at an altitude of 550 km (about 341.75 miles)—means that even a small object could cause catastrophic damage. The risks associated with deploying a “zone-effect” weapon are clear, as such an attack could indiscriminately impact not only Starlink satellites but also other critical infrastructure in LEO, including the International Space Station.
NASA defines low-earth orbit as being below 1,200 miles, a region already occupied by numerous important satellites and spacecraft. The potential for widespread debris from a weapon like the one described in the AP report raises concerns about safety and operational integrity in space.
Russia’s interest in targeting Starlink may stem from the service’s pivotal role in supporting Ukraine’s military and civilian communications during the ongoing conflict. Additionally, Starlink has provided internet access in Venezuela following U.S. military operations, albeit only until February 3, 2026.
The technology for creating a “zone-effect” weapon is not overly complex, and Russia possesses a dedicated space launch agency capable of developing advanced anti-satellite systems. Among these is the S-500 Prometheus, one of the world’s most powerful military air defense systems. Although originally designed for defensive purposes, its capabilities could theoretically extend to offensive operations against satellites in LEO.
The implications of these developments are profound. The prospect of a weapon designed to disrupt satellite networks, particularly one as vital as Starlink, could alter the landscape of international communications and military operations. As the situation evolves, the global community will be closely monitoring any advancements in this area, balancing the need for security with the risks of escalating tensions in space.
